ABSTRACT
Based on the correlation between Qi and blood in traditional Chinese medicine， the collateral disease theory puts forward that the Qi-collateral go hand in hand with the vessel-collateral of the brain， and to be as close as lips to teeth in structure and function， which is an important basis for the function of brain governing mind. And this theory proposes that deficiency/stagnancy of collateral-Qi， stagnation of collaterals and loss of consciousness are the main pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease（AD）， which is different from the research strategy of modern medicine focusing on neurons. It is suggested that it is necessary to treat AD from two aspects， including neuronal protection（elimination of pathological products such as β-amyloid and phosphorylated tau protein） and cerebral microvascular protection（protection of cerebral microvascular structure and function， promotion of therapeutic angiogenesis and increase of cerebral blood flow. Tongxinluo capsules is a representative drug for dredging collaterals developed under the guidance of the therapeutic principle of collaterals need circulation， it can protect microvessels and play a neuroprotective role mediated by vascular protection. Clinical studies have confirmed that Tongxinluo capsules can effectively treat AD， vascular dementia and cognitive impairment related diseases， which can provide new ideas and effective treatment ways to prevent and treat AD from neurovascular protection in a comprehensive manner.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore the rules of syndrome and treatment of cardiovascular event chain based on the results of data mining of medical records under the guidance of vessel-collateral theory. MethodMulti-source database research method was used to retrieve the medical records related to metabolic syndrome， angina pectoris of coronary heart disease， post-intervention of myocardial infarction， arrhythmia after myocardial infarction and heart failure after myocardial infarction between database inception and January 2022 from PubMed， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform （Wanfang Data）， VIP and China Biomedical Literature Service System （SinoMed）. The fields of name， age， gender， symptoms， tongue image， pulse image， drug and disease location were extracted from these medical records， and drug efficacy classification and syndrome classification were determined based on vessel-collateral theory. The rules of syndrome and treatment of cardiovascular event chain were analyzed by data mining methods such as frequency deconstruction， systematic cluster analysis and FP-Growth association analysis. ResultThe above five key pathological links in the chain of cardiovascular event chain all showed symptoms related to the disorder of Yingwei. The proportion of dampness， phlegm， blood stasis and water secondary to the disorder of Yingwei in the above five key pathological links was different， and the frequency of corresponding drug combinations was also different. ConclusionThe disorder of Yingwei is the initiating factor of cardiovascular event chain and runs through the whole process. The abnormality of Yingwei at the terminal of vessel-collateral may lead to the disorder of Qi， blood， body fluid and essence transportation and metabolism. Body fluid accumulates into dampness， dampness accumulates into phlegm， blood stagnation accumulates into blood stasis， blood stasis accumulates into water， which becomes an internal driving factor to promote the development and aggravation of cardiovascular event chain. It leads to the transmission law of Ning-Yong-Sai-Butong， which constitutes the core pathogenesis of the development and evolution of the five key pathological links of cardiovascular event chain.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore the rules of syndrome and treatment of cardiovascular event chain based on the results of data mining of medical records under the guidance of vessel-collateral theory. MethodMulti-source database research method was used to retrieve the medical records related to metabolic syndrome， angina pectoris of coronary heart disease， post-intervention of myocardial infarction， arrhythmia after myocardial infarction and heart failure after myocardial infarction between database inception and January 2022 from PubMed， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform （Wanfang Data）， VIP and China Biomedical Literature Service System （SinoMed）. The fields of name， age， gender， symptoms， tongue image， pulse image， drug and disease location were extracted from these medical records， and drug efficacy classification and syndrome classification were determined based on vessel-collateral theory. The rules of syndrome and treatment of cardiovascular event chain were analyzed by data mining methods such as frequency deconstruction， systematic cluster analysis and FP-Growth association analysis. ResultThe above five key pathological links in the chain of cardiovascular event chain all showed symptoms related to the disorder of Yingwei. The proportion of dampness， phlegm， blood stasis and water secondary to the disorder of Yingwei in the above five key pathological links was different， and the frequency of corresponding drug combinations was also different. ConclusionThe disorder of Yingwei is the initiating factor of cardiovascular event chain and runs through the whole process. The abnormality of Yingwei at the terminal of vessel-collateral may lead to the disorder of Qi， blood， body fluid and essence transportation and metabolism. Body fluid accumulates into dampness， dampness accumulates into phlegm， blood stagnation accumulates into blood stasis， blood stasis accumulates into water， which becomes an internal driving factor to promote the development and aggravation of cardiovascular event chain. It leads to the transmission law of Ning-Yong-Sai-Butong， which constitutes the core pathogenesis of the development and evolution of the five key pathological links of cardiovascular event chain.
ABSTRACT
Endothelial to mesenchymal transition(EndMT) plays a major role during organism development, and also contributes to several adult cardiovascular diseases.EndMT-derived fibroblast-like cells are common in atherosclerotic lesions.Pro-atherosclerosis factors, such as oxidative stress, hypoxia, inflammatory cytokines and oscillatory fluid shear stress can promote EndMT.EndMT is closely associated with plaque calcification, and unstable and ruptured plaque phenotype that may prone to cause clinical events.EndMT may be another key step in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.Here, we reviewed the role played by endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EndMT) and its key regulators in atherosclerosis.
ABSTRACT
Aim To study the effect of Tongxinluo on the polarization of macrophages to type M2 and M1, and on Notch signaling pathway.Methods THP-1 was respectively induced by PMA and IL-4 or LPS to M2 and M1 type polarized macrophages, and treated by Tongxinluo.The expressions of marker molecules IL-10, TNF-α, IL-6 and protein of Notch signaling pathway were detected.Results The level of IL-10 increased in M2 group and there was no statistical difference on the level of IL-6 and TNF-α;the level of IL-10 decreased and IL-6, TNF-α increased in M1 group;the level of IL-10 increased and IL-6,TNF-α decreased in TXL group.There was no statistical difference in the expression of active Notch-1, DLL4 and Hes-1 between control group and M2 group;the expression of active Notch-1, DLL4 and HES-1 increased significantly in M1 group;the expression of active Notch-1, DLL4 and HES-1 decreased significantly in TXL group;there was no significant difference in the expression of Notch-1 protein in each group.Conclusion The polarization of macrophages to M1 type can be inhibited by Tongxinluo, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of activation of Notch-1 signaling pathway.